PDOStatement::execute
Executes a prepared statement
Description
public bool PDOStatement::execute(arraynull $params
= null
)
PDOStatement::bindParam and/or
PDOStatement::bindValue has to be called to bind either variables or
values (respectively) to the parameter markers. Bound variables pass
their value as input and receive the output value, if any, of their
associated parameter markers
-
or an array of input-only parameter values has to be passed
Parameters
-
params
-
An array of values with as many elements as there are bound
parameters in the SQL statement being executed.
All values are treated as PDO::PARAM_STR
.
Multiple values cannot be bound to a single parameter; for example,
it is not allowed to bind two values to a single named parameter in an IN()
clause.
Binding more values than specified is not possible; if more keys exist in
params
than in the SQL specified
in the PDO::prepare, then the statement will
fail and an error is emitted.
Return Values
Returns true
on success or false
on failure.
Errors/Exceptions
Emits an error with level E_WARNING
if the attribute PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE
is set
to PDO::ERRMODE_WARNING
.
Throws a PDOException if the attribute PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE
is set to PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION
.
Examples
Example #1 Execute a prepared statement with a bound variable and value
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement by binding a variable and value */
$calories = 150;
$colour = 'gre';
$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories
FROM fruit
WHERE calories < :calories AND colour LIKE :colour');
$sth->bindParam('calories', $calories, PDO::PARAM_INT);
/* Names can be prefixed with colons ":" too (optional) */
$sth->bindValue(':colour', "%$colour%");
$sth->execute();
?>
Example #2 Execute a prepared statement with an array of named values
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement by passing an array of insert values */
$calories = 150;
$colour = 'red';
$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories
FROM fruit
WHERE calories < :calories AND colour = :colour');
$sth->execute(array('calories' => $calories, 'colour' => $colour));
/* Array keys can be prefixed with colons ":" too (optional) */
$sth->execute(array(':calories' => $calories, ':colour' => $colour));
?>
Example #3 Execute a prepared statement with an array of positional values
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement by passing an array of insert values */
$calories = 150;
$colour = 'red';
$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories
FROM fruit
WHERE calories < ? AND colour = ?');
$sth->execute(array($calories, $colour));
?>
Example #4 Execute a prepared statement with variables bound to positional placeholders
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement by binding PHP variables */
$calories = 150;
$colour = 'red';
$sth = $dbh->prepare('SELECT name, colour, calories
FROM fruit
WHERE calories < ? AND colour = ?');
$sth->bindParam(1, $calories, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$sth->bindParam(2, $colour, PDO::PARAM_STR, 12);
$sth->execute();
?>
Example #5 Execute a prepared statement using array for IN clause
<?php
/* Execute a prepared statement using an array of values for an IN clause */
$params = array(1, 21, 63, 171);
/* Create a string for the parameter placeholders filled to the number of params */
$place_holders = '?' . str_repeat(', ?', count($params) - 1);
/*
This prepares the statement with enough unnamed placeholders for every value
in our $params array. The values of the $params array are then bound to the
placeholders in the prepared statement when the statement is executed.
This is not the same thing as using PDOStatement::bindParam() since this
requires a reference to the variable. PDOStatement::execute() only binds
by value instead.
*/
$sth = $dbh->prepare("SELECT id, name FROM contacts WHERE id IN ($place_holders)");
$sth->execute($params);
?>
Notes
Note:
Some drivers require to close
cursor before executing next statement.
See Also
- PDO::prepare
- PDOStatement::bindParam
- PDOStatement::fetch
- PDOStatement::fetchAll
- PDOStatement::fetchColumn